
Kantan (Etlingera elatior)


Common names
- kantan, bunga kantan, bunga siantan, kechala, ubud udat (Malay)
- torch ginger, Philippine waxflower (English)
- xiang bao jiang, xiang hua ya jiang (Chinese)
- assam situ, cekala biasa, lamei, nyanding, petikala, siala, tite lan, honje, kecombran (Indonesia)
Descriptions
- member of Zingiberaceae
- a vigorous growing perennial herb grown in large clumps of about 3-4 m height
- leaves are green in color, hairless, lanceolate in shape
- leaf blade is lanceolate and glabrous with 80 x 18 cm
- has bright pink, red and white inflorescence
- flowers are followed by green to reddish fruit
- corolla is pink to red, sometimes white. Labellum is deep red with a yellow margin
- fruiting head is greenish, yellowish orangey or reddish, ellipsoid, sometimes subglobose, ca. 2.5 cm in diameter containing many small black seeds
Chemical constituents
Rhizomes: demethoxycurcumin, stigmast-4-en-3-one, stigmast-4-ene-3, 6-dione, stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one, 5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol, 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one, 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4,6-heptatrienone and 16-hydroxylabda-8(17), 11,13-trien-16,15-olide
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Inflorescences: presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates
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Leaves: flavonoids of kaempferol 3-glucuronide, quercetin 3-glucoside and quercetin 3-rhamnoside, phenolic compounds isolated are caffeoylquinic acids of 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-o-caffeoylquinic acid and flavonoids of isoquercitrin, quercitrin and catechin
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Essential oil from inflorescences: dodecanol, dodecanal and α-pinene
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Oil from leaves: β-pinene and 1-dodecene and sesquiterpenes (farnesene and caryophyllene)
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Traditional uses
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as a flavour in cooking especially in laksa and rojak
Flowers: add to the local dishes
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used to reduce flatulence
Flower
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used to treat ear ache
Flower: decoction
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used for cleaning wounds.
Leaves: decoction
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used to reduce body odour after giving birth
Shoots (young): decoction
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to increase appetite
Seeds
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used as a remedy for slow aging
Flower: chopped and put in the perfume
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can reduce diabetes and hypertension
Inflorescence (raw): daily intake
Preparation/ part of plants used