Petawali (Tinospora crispa)
Common names
-Akar patawali, putarwali, petawali, daun akar wali, batang wali, akar seruntum (Malay)
-Heavenly elixir, heartleaf moonseed (English)
-Bo ye qing niu dan (Chinese)
-Kattukkodi (Tamil)
Description
-belongs to Menispermaceae family
-an herbaceous vine which extensively grows in tropical and subtropical regions of Southeast Asia
-The old stems of T. crispa are fleshy, with prominent blunt tubercles whereas younger stems are slightly fleshy, thin epidermis, membranous, brownish, and glabrous.
-leaves are large, heart shaped 6–12 cm long and 7–12 cm wide.
-Petioles are glabrous and 5–15 cm long
-Leaf blade is slightly fleshy, both surfaces glabrous and very delicate when dried
-The fruit is 7–8 mm in length.
Chemical contituents
Flavone and flavone glycosides
-apigenin, diosmetin (luteolin 4’-methyl ether), genkwanin, luteolin 4’-methyl ether 7-glucosides, genkwanin 7-glucosides, luteolin 4’-methyl ether 3’-glucoside
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Triterpenes
-cycloeucalenol, cycloeucalenone,
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Diterpenes and diterpene glucosides
-tinocrispol A, borapetol A, 2-O-lactoylborapetoside B, 6’-O-lactoylborapetoside B, borapetoside A, borapetoside B, borapetoside C, borapetoside D, borapetoside E, borapetoside F, borapetoside G, borapetoside H, rumphioside A, rumphioside B, syringin, columbin
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Alkaloids
-N-formylasimilobine 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, magnoflorine, N-demethyl-N-formyldehydronornuciferine, N-formylanonaine, N-acetylanonaine, N-formylnornuceferine, N-acethyllnornuceferine, lysicamine, tyramine, higenamine, N-cis-feruloyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, paprazine, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine, 4,13-dihydroxy-2,8,9-trimethoxydibenzo(a,g)quinolizinium, columbamine, dihydrodiscretamin, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, berberine, salsolinol
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Lignan
-secoisolariciresinol, syringaresinol, adenosine, uridine, adenine
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Sterol
-β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, makisterone C
Traditional uses
Preparation/ part of plants used
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to treat high blood pressure
Stem: cut 0.5 cm of the stem ad should be eaten with betel (sirih) or banana once a week
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to treat diabetes
Stem: boiled and mixed with stink bean root (akar petai) and jering root and drink it twice a week
Stem: dried, grinded and put in capsules (should be eaten everyday)
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to abort a child
Stem: grinded and rubbed on the stomach
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to avoid arthritis (bone pain)
Stem
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to treat malaria
Stem: dried, boiled and drink
Root
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to relieve pain
Stem powder: applied to the part of the body
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to treat cholera and deworming medicine
Stem/whole plant: infusion
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used as antiseptic (clean blood)
Whole plant: decoction
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to treat hypertension and malaria
Whole plant: boiled and drink it
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to cure rheumatism
Root: poultice made by pounding T. crispa root with rice wash and charred coconut husks